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What is PET Scan ?
Pet scan is a device ( a machine with a large hole at its centre) to detect photons ( subatomic particles) emitted by a radionuclide in the organ or tissue being examined very well. The radionuclides used in PET scans are made by attaching a radioactive atom to chemical substance that are used naturally by particular organ or tissue during its metabolic process.
For example , in PET scans of the brain , a radioactive atom is applied to glucose (blood sugar) to create a radionuclide called flurodeoxyglucose (FDG) because the brain uses glucose for its metabolism. FDG is widely used in PET scanning.
Pet scan may be used to evaluate organs and tissue for the presence of the disease or other conditions. PET may also be used to evaluate the function of organs , such as the heart or brain . the most common use of PET in the detection of cancer and the evaluation of cancer treatment.
Some types of specific reasons PET scanning need:
To diagnose condition like mental retardation functions such as
- Parkinson’s disease
- Huntington’s disease
- Epilepsy
- Cerebrovascular accident (stroke)
- To detect the spread of the cancer to other parts of the body from the orginal cancer site.
- To evaluate the effectiveness of cancer treatment. To identify some types pulmonary lesion or masses detected on chest x-ray and chest CT.
- To detect common lung cancer by staging lesions anf following the progress of lesions after treatment.
- To evaluate the perfusion ( blood flow) to the myocardium ( heart muscle) as an aid in determining the usefulness of a therapeutic procedure to improves blood flow to the myocardium.
- To evaluate such condition when PSA Level are slow.